Imagining the Hansen Family and Birmingham Bomb Kills Four

Alyssa Prior 2/7/13 English 3rd period Mr. Haydon ?â€Å"There are things that we don’t want to happen but have to accept, things we don’t want to know but have to learn, and people we can’t live without but have to let go† (Unknown Author). As a nation, the people will be faced with adversity but with every step we accept, learn, cherish and let go. Anna Quiden, writer for Newsweek magazine, describes the aftermath of the attacks of 9/11. She writes this for the friends and family of te victims and all the concerned Americans across the country. Her article is filled with hope, so that the people can stand together and unite as one.Another hardship that has shaped America was written in the New York Times in 1963, by Claude Sittton called â€Å"Birmingham Bomb kills 4. † This article was written about the riots and the bombing of a church in Birmingham, Alabama during the civil rights movement in thedeep south. He writes to inform the people of the events happening and to describe that there was no such thing as â€Å"separate but equal† in the radically divided town of Birmingham. In the articles â€Å"Imagining the Hansen Family† and â€Å"Birmingham Bomb Kills 4,† both authors use tragic imagery to passionately portray the devastation, destruction and death caused by hate. The article by Anna Quiden, â€Å"Imagining the Hansen Family,† she uses dramatic imagery to portray the feeling ofdevastation and destruction of the horrific event that changed America. In this article by Quiden, she relies back to the hard past. â€Å"They left behind not so much monumental mass of rubble, but tricycles, sweater drawers, love letters, flower beds, books, video cameras, unpaid bills, untidy kitchens, mothers, fathers,uncles, brothers, sons, daughters, friends from Maine to California. 9/11 didn’t just affect the people who died, it affected a whole nation, whether you knew people that wereinvolved or not. So much was left behind, houses, families, a life. The author uses this form of polysyndeton to show that they didn’t take down buildings when they crashed those two planes, but they took people’s lives. â€Å"But what they were doing was blowing families to bits. † It really sets a somber tone, seeing all was lost in this one day, in these few hours. It makes it feel more real, having all the factors of, the daily routine of life.This uses logos, pathos, and ethos in just this one quote. The emotion pours out of the article, the logic in all that was lost, and the reputation of Americans. Hardships happen every day, all throughout American history, there will be some in the future, some in the present, and some in the past that have shaped us a nation. ?We often look back to our past to see where we have come. In the â€Å"Birmingham Bomb Kills 4† by Claude Sitton, he uses vivid imagery to describe the scenes of the tragic bombing on the dangerous s treets of Birmingham.In the article, Sitton reports, â€Å"The blast blew gaping holes through the walls†¦ Floors of offices in the rear of the sanctuary appeared near collapse†¦ splintered window frames, glass and timbers. † Four little girls were subject t the bomb in the church. Sitton explains that three of children’s parents are teachers. He shows the true tragedy of death of innocent children in the church, a holy place of God. The article sets a sympathetic and knowledgeable tone. It has all the facts from the incident, how they found the girls â€Å"huddled under debris. † This quote paints a picture for the reader, bringing the scene to the eyes.The imagery is clear and realistic. Sitton probably entered these type of details through imagery to appeal to your emotional senses of pathos. This tragic imagery puts a feeling of sadness into the article, not only touching the reader’s heart but putting the author’s emotion into the ar ticle too. America has experienced tragedies every day, but these events are what make this nation, The UNITED States of America. In conclusion, both Quindlen and Sitton show both sides of tragic events. The imagery used in the articles sets a realistic tone, emphasizing the great emotion that came with both of these tragedies.Innocent lives were taken, four little girls and other countless blacks in the civil rights era and innocent lives in the collapse of the twin towers of 2011. Both changing a nation, shaping it and bringing the people together. Unbelievable events of sorrow still impact America to this day, as the nation honor the lives to the people that sacrificed for all we have, for America. In the articles, both authors use vivid imagery of American disasters and the loss of innocent lives to emphasize its effect on the people that rise as nation through the debris of hate. ?

Symbols in Ethan Frome

Sex, lies and deceit. These three things are what this novel is about. But it is so much more than that. In the book Ethan Frome, written by Edith Wharton, the author uses symbolism to represent many things such as death. Symbols such as Zeena’s red pickle dish, the cold season of winter, and the dead cucumber vine all represent important parts that make up this novel. Zeena’s red pickle dish is a dish Zeena treasures most. She received the pickle dish as a wedding present and only uses the dish on special occasions. Mattie uses the pickle dish the night her and Ethan are alone, while Zeena is out of town. The cat accidently breaks the dish during the dinner. â€Å"†¦And gathering up the bits of broken glass she went out of the room as if she carried a dead body† (Wharton 66). At this point, Zeena was really mad when she found out herself that the dish was broken and no one told her. This gave her another reason to hate Ethan and Mattie even more. The dish breaking symbolizes the marriage between Ethan and Zeena was now broken. Ethan Frome takes place in Starkfield, Massachusetts during the cold winter months. Winter controls over the tragedy in all its signs of snow, wind, cold and darkness. Winter is the worst season for Ethan. In the beginning, Harmon Gow had said, â€Å"Guess he’s been in Starkfield too many winters. Most of the smart ones get away† (Wharton 2). Ethan studied science and technology after high school, but after his father died and his mother became sick, he was forced to come back to his hometown of Starkfield. Responsibility for his mother and poverty has prevented him from leaving. Sadly, Ethan’s mother died in the winter. After his mother’s death, Ethan married Zeena because he was so lonely all the time. Winter is symbolizes isolation and loneliness. Last but not least, the dead cucumber vine. â€Å"A dead cucumber vine dangled from the porch like the crape streamer tied to the door for a death, and the thought flashed through Ethan’s brain: â€Å"If it was there for Zeena-† (Wharton 26). Ethan wished Zeena was dead. If Zeena was not alive, Ethan could be with Mattie and they both would be happy together. They wouldn’t have to hide their love for each other. The dead cucumber vine symbolizes death and also symbolizes dying souls that live in the Frome’s house. In this case is Zeena, who is the slowly dying soul living in the house because of her illness. Zeena’s red pickle dish, winter, and the dead cucumber vine are all important symbols in this novel. Understanding these symbols make this novel more interesting now that one knows what some objects symbolizes. Such as Zeena’s pickle dish, the broken dish is a symbol for the shattering of Ethan and Zeena’s marriage. The winter represents loneliness. The dead cucumber represents death. These three things best represent the story of Ethan Frome.

Organizational Behavior, Terminology and Concept Essay

Various types of business are characterized by industry groupings, target clients and the line of services to achieve the tangible market value. The growth of industries is brought about by the significant change of consumer needs, transition of labor forces, commodity supply and emerging market modalities. This development poses the challenge to diversify the â€Å"business line†, in which the process involves organizational innovation as a â€Å"makeover† of getting in to a trendy business environment. This paper will discuss the organizational character to the type of a client-based services relating to hotel business. The Radisson As an overview, we have selected the Radisson Hotels and Resorts as the term of reference in discussing the topic on organizational behavior, terminology and concept. To cite a brief background, the Radisson is one of the world’s finest traveler’s hubs that cater the services of 395 hotels and resort franchises in 65 countries. Based on its business profile, the Radisson commits to â€Å"revolutionize† strategic operations, franchising, use of technology, sales and marketing, to achieve effective and competitive business enterprise (The Radisson, 2008). Organizational behavior The term â€Å"organizational behavior† refers to interactions of people within an organization. The interaction relate to the system of management and style of leadership focus at achieving the vision, mission and goals of the organization. To correlate, the Radisson has its structured â€Å"executive leadership† functions, such as (1) managing out-country or international franchising, (2) in-country management, and (3) specialized hotel management. Meaning, the executive leadership has its compartmentalized operational focus for its vision, mission and goals of â€Å"expanding global presence† (The Radisson, 2008). Organizational culture The â€Å"organizational culture† is also called as â€Å"corporate personality† that describes the character of an organization. This character is aligned or positioned to gaining the competitive edge of business, in a way the â€Å"projection† of business values is reflective of the quality of services from assimilating individual skills. This could be best exemplified by Radisson’s corporate framework on â€Å"service deluxe†, wherein the company generates proficient employees being strictly trained for efficient and effective guest-service that made the â€Å"corporate brand† for Radisson. Diversity A multi-cultural-racial working environment is defined as a workplace of diverse technical skills, talents, ethnicity, gender and beliefs. Thus, the diversity is an assimilating organizational strength when developed towards the company’s perspectives, in which the â€Å"inert† nature of diversity is motivated by focusing on human development. As cited, the Radisson’s human development framework focuses on workforce diversity by establishing a â€Å"multicultural development center† for employees to enhance self-confidence, promote dignity of labor, uphold equal treatment and respect, fair labor practices, increase sensible communication skills, and internalize business values. On the other hand, the employees are provided with comprehensive welfare and benefits aside from above industry-standard salary rates (according to position level and tenure of employment) productivity incentives and substantial pension plans (The Radisson, 2008). Communication The aspect of communication within an organization is crucial because it expresses or conveys the â€Å"life† of achieving the vision, mission and goals. Communication is patterned within the â€Å"structural system† of organization as an integral part of interpersonal interactions and establishing of common objectives or synergy. As mentioned above, the Radisson has critical focus on the diversity of workforce through human development framework and created the multicultural development center. One that can exemplify organizational communication is Radisson’s multicultural development center’s innovative training component which consistently provide a â€Å"corporate forum† that is work-centered and employee-focused in order to further develop organizational sensitivity and responsiveness. Business ethics It says that business ethics is the business value. In other words, doing business must conform with the ethical standards or implementing judicious business practices that depicts a healthy organization. However, it may not only the â€Å"center† of business that is judiciously undertaken but harnessing the values of corporate responsibility, thus, reaching out the overall source of business. This kind of business ethics through rekindling corporate responsibility could be cited from Radisson’s â€Å"tradition of service through volunteerism and philanthropy to community causes†, such as the World Childhood Foundation was created as a global charity organization for child-victims of abuse (The Radisson, 2008). Change management According to Change Consulting, the change management is aim to implementing effective organizational method and system. To cite, the â€Å"change† is to control the flow of management that is exemplified by re-structuring the organization from top to bottom level of personnel, in which the process is also referred to as â€Å"streamlining† or revamp of workforce in line with the innovative implementation of programs or operations (Nickols, 2006). As change management is essentially characterized by â€Å"organizational restructuring† correlating to make effective the performance of business, the Radisson’s diversified business operation is perceived to be adopting the process of change management as it continue to innovate the â€Å"business culture† of efficient service and indicative of its vision, mission and goals for â€Å"expanding global presence†. Conclusion The contemporary transitions of industry trends pattern the organizational performance.  Several archetypes of enterprises have found to be encouraged by a holistic approach of assimilating the business venture with communities. Like Radisson, the process of diversified venture has dwell on developing the diverse workforce as one of its corporate responsibilities. Today’s diversified businesses keep abreast to the development of global economies and societies in order to benchmark the performance of market values. However, the market values may not be beneficial to the overall perspectives of consumerism without the incentives of social response from the business sector. Thus, corporate governance is found to be essential as a â€Å"social investment† to the welfare of consumers, aside from the direct-service patronage. It may be then said that the overall discussions depicted in this paper is a pretext to the basic processes of organizational effectiveness that may draw impact to the industry and transformative values in the life of the organization towards a dynamically efficient workforce and socially secured workplace.

Child Welfare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Child Welfare - Essay Example This is one major social problem the child encounter as a result of abuse or neglect from drug addicted parents. Due to the nature of this intervention, statistical collection of data and facts associated with child abuse and neglect becomes difficult. To determine how much it could cost to resolve it through the various stages of model that could be required. The well-being of the child is important. Although when parents usually the women take in alcohol and seems not to be abusive and not dependent or addicted to drinking. It is still possible the conditions under which she drink may still put the child welfare at risk. A child welfare worker should be concerned about the nature of parent exposure to alcohol and drug use. As noted by The American Psychological Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV/DSM-IV-TR) that a woman should not take in more than seven drinks within a week or three drinks at a time. Child safety is an important issue in our society and factors that may bring about polluting or exposing the child welfare at risk are not lightly taken. Children are meant to be around adult so as to caution and comfort them in their growing years. Children are good observers and adult should be more caution what they do in their presence. This is part of protecting the child welfare. ... Significantly, the child welfare worker should be more concerned with the case of child neglect and abuse by identifying the factors of drug abuse and alcohol exposure. Child welfare worker should be able to support parent influenced by these factors to obtain adequate treatment in understanding of the recovery concept in the view of child safety. With the child welfare worker understanding the connection between the impact of alcohol and the effect of drug services can be a very good advantage for the child welfare worker and the Adoption and Safe families Act in fulfilling the safety of the child as well as the child wellness. When a child who have been in a foster care in fifteen months out of twenty-two recent months enters foster care and actions to terminate parental rights over the child is initiated, it is then the Adoption and Safe Families Act will require a permanency plan of twelve months. Considering the fact that twelve to fifteen months can seem to be a long period of time to a child, it's not enough time to consider in the process of recovery with parents who have been exposed to alcohol and drug. In a critical case involving substance abuse demands that adequate alcohol and drug services should be established with immediate effect in processing the parent's treatment. Effectiveness in doing this can be achieved by child welfare worker in asking questions on a routine basis regarding the nature of substance use relative to its abuse, treatment required and recovery time expected. His understanding of dependence and abuse of alcohol and drugs is also an advantage. It is alarming to know that out of the many people treated for only alcohol issues amounts to the same level of population of people that were

Gender Relations in Corporate China and Islamic State Essay

Gender Relations in Corporate China and Islamic State - Essay Example Hence, women are convinced to abandon their children, families, and friends for the course of the IS. The Islamic State attracts women into its ranks by claiming that it has opened up democratic space and created a nationalistic and ethnically and racially diverse and orderly society at peace with itself. Through these campaigns and the lure of a society built on Islamic norms, the Islamic State has attracted women and elevated their perceived roles (Hammer, 130). These appeals have made the IS women feel that their historical disempowerment problems will be solved by the Islamic State. What is not apparent as at now is whether all these promises by the Islamic State are just utopia to allure women into its ranks. Gender Relations in Corporate China Since historical times, men have always been the head of the family and by extension, society in China. For instance, every family lineage in China would be linked only through male figures. Ironically, in the old days, Chinese women were only kept in records whenever they made some trouble. Confucianism teachings also greatly affected the role of Chinese women. Luckily, the role and relations with women have slightly changed in the current corporate China. Incorporate China, women continue to encounter changes and are increasingly climbing the social, political, and professional ladders to heights never seen in the traditional setting (Hu, 131). However, women are still not equally represented at the top of Chinese corporate world as Chinese men.

Love.Write a blog in which you define double consciousness and how Essay

Love.Write a blog in which you define double consciousness and how race can affect your interaction with other groups - Essay Example Race has a significant influence on trust issues. Race will influence how certain people process information and will likely influence the way they chose to interact with other races. In addition, most young black people grow up being taught with a lot of emphasis about how their ancestors went through racial discrimination. To them this creates a sense of their own identity (Nunnally 55). This historical knowledge of racial discrimination tends to affect how blacks associate with the whites and other groups. Older black folks have more experience in terms of racial discrimination than younger blacks do. The concept of double consciousness still exists today even though it has taken a different look. The African Americans proclaim being victimized in public but stress on personal strength and initiative in private (McWhorter 13). Some black writers note that focusing on the achievement of African Americans seems to overlook the idea that being black is still a tragedy. The recent presidential election to some African Americans was more of a victory than an election in terms of racial

Business Aspect of Social Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Aspect of Social Networking - Essay Example However, the higher levels of enthusiasm shown by people in the interesting features and entertainment potential of such sites bring about negative trends in the new generation in some areas of their expectations. This essay looks deep into the influential changes of social networking trends and their merits and demerits in the individual lives and education of the new generation and those affecting the modern world. Advantages of social networking sites In the technology-driven social life today, anything that promises guaranteed effort to time-saving aspects takes a step higher than any other benefit science can bring to man. Social networking sites such as facebook, twitter, likedin and Google+ offer extensive scope for sharing ideas by connecting people from wherever there is internet. Especially, facebook has a vast scope of promoting business through its banners and paid pages for advertisements apart from the usual walls. The scope of facebook today is unlimited for the busine ss enterprises, especially for its amazing popularity. According to Westwood (2011, p. 95), facebook, which was started primarily as a student based networking now has grown a social networking site with growing opportunities for companies for setting up their own dedicated site as facebook groups or for creating applications or company advertisements. Similarly, other sites such as twitter, Myspace and Likedin etc contribute their own share in the field of benefits to the business society. The most noticeable element of these sites is their immediate access to an open public and the easiest solution to the quest for a review of new proposals of companies and organisers of events. In most contexts, the success ratio can be predicted from the digitalised review of the advertisers’ views by the readers on facebook and thereby necessary changes can be made in the actual presentation. In the field of education, social networking and internet access at home and school has proved s ubstantially good for the students’ career excellence. Effective use of such websites allocate for combined study times and online updating of current status of learning among classmates. Some of the groups formed by students themselves can act as a group learning virtual classroom and work accordingly for better results. More interestingly, the BBC reports (Coughlan, 2009) reveal that the approval of facebook use in the campus reduced drop-out numbers and students are becoming more enthusiastic to learning by sharing information among co-students and teachers regarding their curriculum based assignments. Even for the people, the entry of social networking sites as the greatest means to plan their daily activities and getting connected among similar interest groups for obtaining information on politics, travel, health and entertainment apart from their purchase needs. Challenges of social networking sites Social networking sites are worthy of connecting people and their ideas beyond imaginable limits. However, they pose serious threats to personal as well as organisational objectives if they are not

Tracking Options Using Gps For Alzheimers Patients Coursework

Tracking Options Using Gps For Alzheimers Patients - Coursework Example A detailed analysis of the problem is given addressing certain of the ethical implications of monitoring, or choosing not to monitor. The presumption exists that as a dementia worsens some form of GPS monitoring will be utilized by family members, or the staff of an assisted living facility. A physiological description is given briefly describing the biochemical markers of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as the symptomatic criteria used in a positive diagnosis of dementia as a result of Alzheimer’s disease. Warning signs and the prognosis of the condition are given. While no organic treatment exists, the advantages of GPS monitoring are discussed, including the implications and questions that must be addressed prior to choosing an option. Advantages and disadvantages of tracking strategies are discussed in addition to three information systems which are compared in accordance with a list of five practical criteria. Finally, recommendations are provided in the interest of dignity for the Alzheimer’s patient, but with respect towards the needs of family members and the likely inevitability of assisted care. An option of a monitoring service utilizing the expertise of a professional Corporation is concluded to be the most valuable and practical option for the protection and dignity of Alzheimer’s sufferers.... With longer lifespans common, and aging of the population is inevitable. As a greater proportion of that population grows elderly, pathologies associated with aging will become of paramount importance. Some theorists may reason without sympathy for the humanity of those suffering from elderly dementia, or other forms of neurological illness similar to Alzheimer's disease. There may be some question as to whether the afflicted truly have dignity in the first place. There may be some that like an Alzheimer's patients to some form of devolved animal, lacking a human consciousness and the ability to plan for the future. Under this context both safety and convenience of care must be Paramount. Towards this end various forms of restraints, and/or monitoring technologies may be devised as a way to control the movements of elderly patients. In the twilight of human existence, those suffering from neurological diseases may seem to be struggling through a fog confusing memory with present real ity. For a fleeting moment, it might make sense to seek out people and places long past, to resume old routines and see familiar faces without the cognizance of what lives on only in the past. An elderly person trying to return to a familiar setting that may not have existed for decades could easily wander away from caregivers and placed themselves in peril. Time and money must be spent tracking their movements and gently returning them to locations that seem wildly at odds with the fragmentary grip on reality that motivates the mentally diseased elderly. Estimates indicate that 60% of Alzheimer’s patients will become lost wandering away from their homes or places of care at some point during the progression of their

Advanced Information Systems Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Advanced Information Systems Management - Essay Example 253). A Customer Relationship Management System (CRM) is a form of information system which involves the application of various hardware and software applications for effective management of information and data on clients or customers with a view of achieving the goals and objectives of the organization. This essay gives a critical analysis and discussion of the value that CRM systems within government owned organization in the UK public sector. The essay includes concepts of contemporary application of information systems in the public sector. More specifically the essay illustrates knowledge management through decision support and application of expert systems in data mining. Customer Relationship Management System (CRM) In accordance to Shanks, Jagielska and Jayaganesh (2009, p. 263), CRM is an information system based business strategy which is designed to help users to achieve an understanding the needs of customers. The CRM also helps in anticipating customer needs and applyin g technological application to manage them with a view of meeting the expectations of customers (Ku, 2010, p. 1087). The implementation or application of CRM involves processes of interaction among people, technology and business processes. Therefore it is through the adoption and application of CRM that effective integration of core processes of customer service, sales and marketing is achieved (Khodakarami and Chan, 2011, p. 256). It is apparent that CRM is a contemporary phenomenon which has been employed within the public sector. This technology is therefore replacing the orthodoxy and less efficient approaches which were employed by government organizations in delivery of services to the public (Wilson, Daniel and McDonald, 2002, p. 195). Figure 1: CRM Value of CRM within Government Organizations in the UK Stjepanovic (2010, p. 273) argues that the value of CRM to a government organization is basically the efficiency which characterizes the use of information system. For exampl e the use of database management systems and application within a CRM framework leads to speedy retrieval and presentation of data and information to clients when they need it. Within a government organization, customer service involves retrieval and presentation of data to customers upon request. This information or data is often retrieved from government databases through the process of data mining (Wilson, Daniel and McDonald, 2002, p. 198). If for instance a customer requests for data on taxation, salaries or benefits, the government owned organizations are mandated to provide it immediately. Nonetheless, the efficiency of data mining and presentation data to the client or customer depends on the level of expertise, skills and knowledge that a government employee has (Stjepanovic, 2010, p. 276). The skills that are required include the use of various software applications within the CRM system such as Microsoft Word Excel and database management applications. Shanks, Jagielska a nd Jayaganesh (2009, p. 264) point out that CRM is valuable to a government organization because it reduces the costs that are associated with business activities or office processes. Within the UK and the EU in general, government organizations are increasingly competing for public funds or government funding. Because of this, many organizations require to reduce the costs of operations in order to achieve effective utilization of the resources available to them. Technology reduces costs

Role of the Mentor When Evaluting Student Learning Essay

Role of the Mentor When Evaluting Student Learning - Essay Example The NMC values the experiential knowledge borne by mentors as a way of enhancing the professional and clinical expertise development of the student nurses; hence the decision to formalise and clearly define mentorship. In 2008, the NMC published a mentorship code specifying the importance of mentorship programs in supporting the needs of student nurses in terms of professional development (NMC 2008). The formal roles of mentors according to the NMC involve guiding students in the multidisciplinary clinical environment to ensure seamless transfer once they are finally ready to join the clinical setting (Kinnell and Hughes 2010). The mentors also assess the learning undertaken by the student nurses. Hence, they are indispensable in the evaluation of student nurses. The Roles of Mentors According to the NMC (2008), the mentor helps the students to identify and achieve the learning objectives of the clinical placement. Through experience and the training they have undertaken, mentors are in a position to guide the student through learning requirements during the placement. This involves explaining the learning objectives and ensuring the student nurses are aware of the learning outcomes. After helping students to understand the learning objectives, the mentors then ensure that the desired learning activities take place. This is through activities such as coordinating the learning needs of the students- for instance, through helping them to draw learning timetables. They also ensure students’ comprehension through linking the theory already borne by the students with what is now practiced. Another way to achieve this is through encouraging reflective practice on... This essay approves that the mentor has influential responsibilities in the experiential and professional development of a student nurse. This can be seen in the mentor’s role in helping establish learning objectives and achieve them through guidance and establishing the right environment for learning. Besides this, the mentor is a hugely influential figure in the student’s assessment. Formal or informal continuous assessment involves the mentor actively engaging the student on a day-to-day basis. On the other hand, intermediate interviews provide for formal assessment. They are a landmark in the student’s clinical placement experience during which the student’s progress can be established. Aspects of such evaluation involve establishing whether the student is able to link theoretical knowledge with practice and evaluation of their professional development. This paper makes a conclusion that critical analysis of the intermediate interview form of assessment reveals that it is highly significant in re-focusing the student towards the learning objectives or action plan. It also offers a chance for the mentor to provide relevant feedback to the student to help with the rest of their development. On the flipside, it is a one off activity, which if unaccompanied by continuous assessment may result in incorrect evaluation of the student. The conclusion is that mentors play a hugely influential role in intermediate assessment.

Fairtrade achieves better prices, decent working conditions and fair Assignment - 1

Fairtrade achieves better prices, decent working conditions and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers. To what extent do you agree - Assignment Example According to Ronchi (2006) the problems arise from the market failure, failure of demand and supply forces, leading to workers exploitation and unfavorable and unhealthy competition for small scale farmers by the large scale farmers. This business assignment paper entails discussion on Fairtrade, and analysis on how it achieves better prices, decent working conditions and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers. According to Lamb (2008), Fairtrade is concerned with the best recommended prices, favorable working conditions, sustainability in the local areas, and justified as well as effective terms of trade for small scale farmers and workers in the third world countries. Fairtrade gets in the position to address the different injustices evident in the convectional trade by giving the companies a condition of paying prices that are at par with the respective prices at the market (Arnould, Plastina and Ball, 2009). The convectional prices usually discriminates the economically unable and weak farmers, hence Fairtrade comes in to assist them upgrade on their position as well as upgrading their living standards. Fairtrade can as well get said as all the activities involved in the process of giving aid to the upcoming communities of farmers and workers. They get enabled to gain a lot of control over their future as well as taking good care of their surrounding in which the stay and undertake their economic activities in. As discussed above, Fairtrade achieves better trade prices, decent work conditions as well as fair terms of trade for small scale farmers and workers. Agreements have gotten reached upon with some of these achievements of Fairtrade by consideration on a number of the factors that it has underline to aim at achieve, as well as its underlying objectives. They include the following: i) Fairtrade Mark. Fairtrade has sought to improve the lives of small scale

Exploring the Concepts of Karl Marx and Mao Tse-Tung Essay Example for Free

Exploring the Concepts of Karl Marx and Mao Tse-Tung Essay Karl Marx believed that in an industrialized society, the working class, known as the proletariat would revolt and take over the ruling class, and would in effect, create a classless society. Karl Marx believed this could only happen in an industrialized society. Once it became apparent that the working class would not rise above, Lenin intervened and confirmed Marxism obsolete in Russia. Since the late 1920s the Chinese Communist Party has altered Marxism in China. It became a peasant party with an anti-Marxist petty-bourgeois viewpoint and through all the fluctuations of the left and right turns of world Stalinism, it kept a utopian and reactionary perspective; in Marxist terminology, reactionary refers to people whose ideas might appear to be socialist, but, in essence, contain elements of feudalism, capitalism, nationalism, fascism or other characteristics of the ruling class. It kept a nationally based and classless socialism, or peasant socialism,† as worded by Trotsky. To call Mao Tse-Tung’s communist or Maoist, philosophy socialism is an understatement. Though encompassing many Marxist values, China has done a more effective job of forcing the Maoist agenda through more ruthless violence by utilizing the multitude of peasants residing within its borders as a powerful force, unlike Marxism which calls for a series of revolution by means of class struggle and uprising in the proletariat. Though the Maoist ideology had subsisted in China for some years after his time, today it is an important economic force, but is government-run, leaving it unstable without government regulation as the economy is dominated by large state-owned enterprises, but private enterprises also play a major role in the economy. State-owned enterprises are a major source of profit and power for members of the Communist Party of China and their families and are largely favored by the government. Karl Marx wove economics and philosophy together to construct a grand theory of human history and social change. His concept of alienation, for example, first expressed in his Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, plays a key role in his criticism of capitalism. Marx believed that people, by nature, are free, creative beings who have the potential to totally transform the world. But he observed that the modern, technologically developed world is apparently beyond our full control. Marx condemned the free market, for instance, as being â€Å"anarchic,† or ungoverned. He maintained that the way the market economy is coordinated—through the spontaneous purchase and sale of private property dictated by the laws of supply and demand—blocks our ability to take control of our individual and collective destinies. Marx condemned capitalism as a system that alienates the masses. His reasoning was like this: although workers produce things for the market, market forces, not workers, control things. People are required to work for capitalists who have full control over the means of production and maintain power in the workplace. Work, he said, becomes degrading, monotonous, and suitable for machines rather than for free, creative people. In the end, people themselves become objects—robot-like mechanisms that have lost touch with human nature, that make decisions based on cold profit-and-loss considerations, with little concern for human worth and need. Marx concluded that capitalism blocks our capacity to create our own humane society. Marx’s notion of alienation rests on a crucial but shaky assumption. It assumes that people can successfully abolish an advanced, market-based society and replace it with a democratic, comprehensively planned society. Marx claimed that we are alienated not only because many of us toil in tedious, perhaps even degrading, jobs, or because by competing in the marketplace we tend to place profitability above human need. The issue is not about toil versus happiness. We are alienated, he maintained, because we have not yet designed a society that is fully planned and controlled, a society without competition profits and losses, money, private property, and so on—a society that, Marx predicted, must inevitably appear as the world advances through history. Here is the greatest problem with Marx’s theory of alienation: even with the latest developments in computer technology, we cannot create a comprehensively planned system that puts an end to scarcity and uncertainty. But for Marxists to speak of alienation under capitalism, they must assume that a successfully planned world is possible. That is, Marx believed that under capitalism we are â€Å"alienated† or â€Å"separated† from our potential to creatively plan and control our collective fate, but if comprehensive socialist planning fails to work in practice it is an impossibility. In consequence of China’s sizable rural population, the greatest point of conflict between the two lines of thought is Mao’s inclusion of the peasantry in the proletariat differing greatly with the Marxist-Leninist view that the beginning of socialist revolution should come from the urban working class. The Maoist faith in revolutionary enthusiasm and the positive value of the peasants lack of sophistication as opposed to technological or intellectual elites fueled the Great Leap Forward of the 1950s and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and 70s. The disastrous consequences of both upheavals led Maos successors to abandon Maoism as counterproductive to economic growth and social order. Maoism, since then, has been embraced by insurgent guerrilla groups worldwide. The Communist Party of the Philippines has adopted the ideas and concepts of Maoism which promote the use of revolution to obtain their goals. Professor Jose Maria Sison, the Chairman of the Communist Party of the Philippines states, â€Å"Mao is indubitably correct in identifying the revisionism of degenerates in power in socialist society as the most lethal to socialism, and in offering the solution that succeeded in China for ten years before it was defeated in 1976. The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the full restoration of capitalism in revisionist-ruled countries in the period of 1989-91 have vindicated Mao ´s position on the crucial importance and necessity of the struggle against revisionism and the theory of continuing revolution under proletarian dictatorship.† The Philippines today practices modern democracy. This shows the sharp difference of ideology within countries. It is shown by Sison’s diction that he is passionate about Communism to the degree that he strongly adheres to Maoist theory by promoting revolution in the proletariat. In 2008, the New People’s Army in the Philippines managed to make 200 tactical offenses and captured 200 high powered rifles. Ka Oris claimed that the group has managed to return to the level of activity of when it was at its peak in the 1980s. The NPA, the armed wing of the CPP, remains the biggest threat to national security according to National Defense Secretary Gilbert C. Teodoro Jr. This shows how Maoism only subsists with sheer violence. They seek to implement their agenda by compromising national security and putting many lives in danger. In order to form a fully Maoist society one needs to realize that the only means of achieving this is by deteriorating the conditions within a county. â€Å"The history of the NPA in Mindanao dates back to 1971 when a handful of inexperienced but determined communists established two cells one in Iligan and the other in Davao. The years that followed saw it exploit widespread poverty among both indigenous peoples and poor peasants in the countryside, as well as among many Christian settlers.† As one can see, poverty was a result of the attempts made by the NPA to form a communist/Maoist nation; therefore, the effects of revolution in the name of Maoism only worsens the well-being of the people as violence is utilized to oppress the people. Maoism is characterized by an extreme eclecticism and by subjectivism in theory and voluntarism in politics. Many traditional views of ancient Chinese political and philosophical thought have helped nourish Maoist ideology. From the anarchists Mao Tse-tung borrowed such principles as the absolutization of violence (â€Å"Power grows out of the barrel of a gun† and â€Å"To rebel is justified†) and reliance on nonproletarian, declassed elements and politically immature layers of young people to â€Å"organize† revolutions without regard to whether there is a revolutionary situation. According to Maoist declarations, similar revolutions, which in fact are a form of total purging and suppression of the real and potential enemies of Maoism, should be repeated periodically. If the inherent violence that Maoism encapsulates should be repeated, it would lead to the suffering of many people, which makes it unstable to the degree that the government forces outnumber the Maoists: a force that keeps them at bay. The Maoists cannot obtain their goal without the use of hostility, making it immoral and unstable. â€Å"Since 1978 hundreds of millions have been lifted out of poverty [in China] – yet hundreds of millions of rural population as well as millions of migrant workers remain unattended: According to Chinas official statistics, the poverty rate fell from 53% in 1981to 2.5% in 2005.† However, in 2009, as many as 150 million Chinese were living on less than $1.25 a day. The infant mortality rate fell by 39.5% between 1990 and 2005, and maternal mortality by 41.1%. Access to telephones during the period rose more than 94-fold, to 57.1% as did in many developing countries such as Peru or Nigeria. This shows inconsistency with data to instill communist propaganda. They only show what they want to. They never display the harsh violence committed in order to execute their agenda, which is also in the roots of Marxist theory. In consequence of Mao’s recognition of the peasan try as a powerful source of revolution, his political endeavors were largely aimed at rural China and less on urban industrialization. There is a strong emphasis in Maoism placed on the capability of conscious human action to overcome a lack of material resources. This is in reference to what Mao saw as great feats of endurance, such as the Long March and the resistance against Japan during the Sino-Japanese War. According to Mao, the success of such campaigns rested upon the commitment of man, without the aid of technology or material involvement. Complementary to such experiences, Mao naturally developed a theory that highlighted success as a product of the mind, not matter. As such, material goods were not constituent of, or significantly important to Maoism. It should be pointed out that in the present conditions, agriculture occupies first place in our economic construction. Mao was mainly concerned with agricultural production as a means of survival, and saw no political gain from mass industrialization. In fact Mao believed that industrialization weakened the proletarian movement, by creating further means fo r factory owners and management teams to exploit workers. However the Marxist-Leninist approach to socialist reform which contrasted against Mao’s agrarian views, relied heavily upon the encouragement of advanced industrialization in order to strengthen the sense of proletarian repression. In this sense there was a strong point of conflict over industrial and agricultural production values between Mao and the Russians, which was in direct consequence of the peasants over workers dispute. A fundamental facet of classical Marxist ideology is economic determinism; a concept whereby social change is driven by the economy. However Mao placed a much larger emphasis on the shaping of humankind, and the capacity to change human nature through sheer will power. Mao’s real conflict, of course, was not with Russia nor with revisionism, but with human nature. He believed that the ordinarily extended process of change could be hastened with appropriate stimulation; a positive political frame of commitment and action. While Marx also believed in the evolution of human nature, in contrast to Mao he regarded it to be a process beyond the control of man. Marx developed the theory of material determinism, which suggested that the economy is essential to social change and the development of human nature, a relationship almost ignored by Mao. Features of society such as classes, politics and ideologies were seen by Marx to be outgrowths of economic activity, whereas Mao regarded changes to such features as a result of human will. [Mao’s] process of remolding human beings†¦[is] almost in defiance of orthodox Marxist historical and material determinism. However what is generally agreed upon by Marx and Mao, despite the way in which it is done, is that this remolding of humankind could take many revolutions, which led to the development of the ‘continuous revolution’ theory, a concept whereby the proletarian’s struggle against the bourgeoisie is everlasting. Basically, the goals of Mao, Lenin and Marx were alike in terms of achieving a classless socialist society; there were distinct contrasting elements within the paths chosen to achieve these aspirations. Mao believed in the revolutionary and violent power of the abundant peasantry class, whereas the Marxist-Leninist approach to socialist revolution was to lead from the urban working classes. Resulting from this major disagreement came differing views on industrialization and urbanization, Mao tending to pay closer attention to agricultural development which was a large factor in China, and the Russians to urban development. There was also ignorance on Mao’s behalf of the nature of economics, a subject of which Marx was an expert which is most likely the reason why there is little on economics found on Maoism. Marx recognized the economy as a major driving force in social development, whereas Mao regarded human nature as something that could be changed by will. However while Mao may not have attempted to achieve socialism as Marx intended, a great difference between Russia and China during the twentieth century made such a turn away from classical Marxism to some extent. One could claim that Marxism has never truly been achieved in any setting, and with both China and Russia now leaning more towards capitalism, it leads one to question whether given the nature of humankind, such change is even possible; however, it can be concluded that both doctrines encapsulate instability and hostility, creating an oppressive environment.

Understanding The Growth Theory By Solow Economics Essay

Understanding The Growth Theory By Solow Economics Essay Robert Solow was born of a Jewish family on August 23, 1924 in Brooklyn. Fortunate with the opportunity to attend public schools, he had a strong academic foundation along with with motivation and mentoring he was awarded a scholarship to attend Harvard University in 1940. During his freshman year at Harvard he chose sociology and anthropology as his majors with a minor in elementary economics. At the end of 1945 Robert Solow decided to serve in the US army and later returned to Harvard in 1945. The depression at the time strongly influenced him to study the way the economy actually worked and after returning from the army he decided to switch gears and studied economics. At Harvard he was an assistant to Wassily Leontief producing the first set of capital coefficient for the output and input model sparking his interest in statistics and probability models which lead him to Columbia University for a concentration in statistics. About the same time he was also offered a position to lecture economics and statistics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) which he accepted and overtime his fascination leaned more with macro economics. For 40 years Solow worked closely with Paul Samuelson and together they developed numerous work together such as: Balanced Growth under Constant Returns to Scale, (1953), Theory of Capital (1956) and A Complete Capital Model Involving Heterogeneous Capital Goods. In 1961, Robert Solow won the John Bates Clark Award which is given to someone under 40 years who have made a major contribution to economic thought and knowledge. His continued efforts and passion for macro economics resulted to him winning the Nobel Prize in 1987 for his analysis in economic growth. Over the years Solow has continued to be a prominent figure as an economist, his theory is thought all over the world from government to his theory thought in schools. The study of the factors which permit production growth and increased welfare has been a central feature in economic research for many years. Robert M. Solows prize recognizes his exceptional contributions in this area. This paper will discuss the major contributions Robert Solow made to economics in an A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth (1956), the influences for his analysis and its relevance in understanding how the economy works. Understanding the Solow growth theory is a challenge due to the number of models that he incorporates to explain growth theory. The basic model focuses on the accumulation of capital after which Solow incorporates new factors such as population growth and technology in order to show the changed result in comparison to the basic model. To aid in development of his Growth Theory, Robert Solow addressed the specifics concerning the growth of an advance industrial economy, this was first developed by Nicholas Kaldor. Kaldor has six characteristics for the economy, four of which Solow focused mainly to development the Solow model. Real output grows at a constant rate. Capital Stock grows at a constant rate Real growth and capital stock are likely to be the same Profit rates show a horizontal trend with the exception of changes in effective demand. The first three characteristics describe when an economy is in the steady state. To expand on this definition the steady state as described by Robert Solow is constant growth and capital stock. In an article, A Contribution to the theory of economic growth (1956) Solow growth model represented an addition to the Harod- Domar Model which explained growth patterns in terms of savings and capital. The main differentiation between his model and the Harrod-Domar model lay in Solows assumption that wages could adjust to keep labor fully employed. The Solow Model is neo-classical and as a results focuses primarily on the supply side. This implies that as long the supply of a good increases then economic growth can be accomplished. In this aspect it differs from the Keynesian models which focus on the demand side of the economy in areas such as: unemployment and inflation. The supply side In Solows model follows the following assumptions: One good in production with no change in technology and two factors of production, capital (K) and labor (L) deriving the following equation Y =F (K, L). The demand side for the Solow model assumes that output demand is equal to consumption and therefore there is no disposable income in the economy. Y= C + S Thus far the model describes a stagnant economy and Solow introduces dynamic factors in the model to show capital accumulation which are investment which increases the capital stock and depreciation which decreases capital stock. The saving rate in this model represents the tradeoff between consumption and investment. This means, what is not consumed is saved in the economy; this therefore increases capital stock growth or capital accumulation in the economy. In the active economy in the Solow model the production changes and is represented by the equation Y=F (K, S, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡, k0) meaning output is a function of capital, savings, depreciation and capital stock. By utilizing the capital stock increases output in different periods but at some point the economy comes to a steady state as described by the Solow Model. The steady state is accomplished when output and capital are in equilibrium. It also implies that the economy will cease to grow so there is no change in capital at that point. Furthermore an economy in a positive steady state does not move from that point therefore this can also be considered as the equilibrium point The variables listed above can be divided into two variables exogenous which comprises of savings depreciation and capital stock and endogenous which are capital, income and investments. The model shows that increased savings shifts increases investments which impacts the steady rate causing it to shift also. This activity illustrates that higher savings in an economy means that there is higher capital stock thus leading to higher steady state per worker. Therefore in the economy one need to know that is the optimum level of savings is necessary to get to maximize steady state which is known was the golden rule. To recap, the steady state can be referred to as long run equilibrium in the economy and savings is critical in the model because it shows that by increasing savings the steady state can shift upward which asserts higher level of capital stock per worker. The concept of golden rule was also incorporated in the Solows Growth Theory but prior to that the golden rule was a concept by Jon von Neumann and later in the work of Edmund Phelps. In Solows Growth Theory, he makes the assumption that policy makers will consequently determine a savings rate that will maximize consumption per worker referring to it as the golden level of capital accumulation. Robert Solow did not stop here with his theory he went on further to introduce population growth in his dynamic model which also means that the labor force is growing as well. What Solow is illustrating is the effect of this exogenous factor on the population. Therefore the capital stock will be divided thinly across the increasing population. Since this increase in population is decreasing the capital stock this indicates there is a negative effect on income per worker. Solow then adds technology to the model, technology as described by Solow can improve efficiency of production and this means that there is an increase in output ultimately leading to the sustained growth in the economy. At this stage in the model, Solow uses a new production function to describe the economy Y=F (K, L, E, à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬) this means that output is a function of capital, labor, efficiency and effective worker for this economy. Solow goes on to describe what is meant by an efficient worker and this is characterized by knowledge, familiarity and ability. Output can consequently increase by the efficiency levels of workers. Efficiency in this model per effective worker can move the steady state equilibrium where capital stock per worker constant. As a result, with technological progress in this model the capital stock per worker is growing at the technology rate even in the steady state due to efficiency in the economy. We can see that even if capital is not growing in the steady state capital per effective worker is at the rate of technology. In addition, this also asserts that output per worker is also growing at a rate of technology. Combined, total output and capital stock are both growing when the two variables population and technology are present. The Solow Model therefore shows that technological progress in the economy explains sustained economic growth in the context of living standards per worker.

Tall Organisational Structure And Power Culture Commerce Essay

Tall Organisational Structure And Power Culture Commerce Essay Culture is a systematic programme run in the mind which can be used to differ one set of people from another, and an organization structure is a breakdown of the organisational subordinate entities to pursue a common goal. Different modes of the Cultures would be Power Culture, Task Culture, Person Culture and Role Culture. The importance of understanding these concepts is that an organizational structure leads the organisational culture to flow across the organisation. Therefor a proper understanding of the functionality of these concepts is vital. There could be several types of structures as follows. Tall organisational Structure and power Culture A tall organisational structure is where the span of control is narrowed due to the higher number of management levels resulting in many managers being employed by a company and the commands are first informed to the top level managers and then the information flows in to the subordinates. Under this structure, it is likely that culture is unchanged and the informal commutation is applied because of the lower level subordinated work under a tall structure. Most organisations especially manufacturing and task oriented uses this method to make sure without any interference the task is done the correct person is on the correct chair. Tall structure always provides the systematic approach to planning and controlling mechanisms this is because the decision making is done at the top and then the decisions are flown downward and being (Naoum,2001:p.165). Figure1. Tall organisational Structure of a production company Source: The times 100 web magazine (http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/british-gas/roles-responsibilities-and-career-development/introduction.html#axzz2Dl7IBSzR) Power Culture is where one individual dominates the entire decision making only by himself. Power culture always allows the head of the business (Entrepreneurs) to make the decisions. Therefor power culture always bounded to a particular individual. In the current context Sir Richard Branson is a perfect example where he dominated the entire decision making of the group by himself and the success of the company is where he always retained the decision making power and the retention of the control under himself according toVirgin-Richards Block website (2012). Under this culture it is very difficult for others to poke into the decision making and the subordinates always have to follow the decisions. Figure2: Decision making represents the middle of the circle Source: http://www.mindtools.com/ Flat Organisational culture and Role Culture Flat organisational culture consists lower number of managers due to the lower number of management levels making the span of control wider. This might lower the interest of the top level managers feeling that they might lose out the control. Flat organisational structured entities are having greater innovation ability as the functional levels are given the authority from the top level. The swiftness of the communication is higher as opposed to other structures. The level of motivation of the employees will stay high as they are not been pressured more and the formal level of communication arises because of that (Warner M., Joynt P.2002:p260). Figure3. Flat Structure with minimum number of managers Source: Madura J. (2007:p279) Role Culture commands the employees to stick to their job description. This mainly happens in large entities where the particular job has its own guidelines. Under this approach the innovativeness is questionable as employees tend stick to their work boundaries and stifle the innovativeness. In this approach most of the Human Resource activities are done in order to chair the proper personnel. When every employee carries out their duties, the entire companys pillars are strengthening. Therefor in this approach the importance of understanding of the role of each person is highly important (Martin, 2005:P.493). Hierarchical organizational Structure and Task Culture Hierarchical Structure represents a pyramid shaped structure i.e. the power and responsibility are defined according to the position they possess in the organisational hierarchy. Under this approach the main objective is to retain the power and to get the task done through the divisions. In this approach it is likely that the span of control is retained at the divisional levels which lead to better communication where one reports to the other (Turner and Simister, 2000) Figure 4. Hierarchical Organisational structure in military organisation (Source: God, Quantum physics, Organizational structure and Management style, 2009:p.45) Task Culture gets the correct people and getting them to work together will be the key aspect of this approach. This culture mainly focuses about the team work for the accomplishment of a company objective. Through this approach it is likely that the company moves forward with market dynamism and market complexity as this approach gets the company people to discuss the changes in order to meet the complexity. Managers must make sure the level of commitment is achieved because of the distance and freedom they are given (Smith and Mounter, 2008:p.36). 1.2 Organisational culture and performance Organisational culture always has an impact on the organisational performance. In a strong culture (high norms, high Values) the bonds of the management with the employees are quite strong, the performance of the entity tends to be in a good position. According to Lussier and Kimball (2009) a weak culture will definitely stifle the connection of employees and management. Culture types such as Power and person, will limit the performance of an organisation due to the lack of democracy whereas role and task culture will improve the democracy. Employee performance will therefor directly impact the company performance the glue will be the culture. But it should also concluded that a strong culture will ease the mergers or alliances, where as a weak culture will be very difficult to maintain in a dynamic environment. b) From the current context Semco is a company build in brazil owned by Ricardo Semler who took the business from his father who are in to the manufacturing of mixers, pipes. Owner allowed employees to make use of the organizational resources in the way he would like make sure the correct inspection is provided at requirement. The considerations provided for the effort were well provided by Semler as a result company could increase profit up to 500 per cent. Therefor it is noticeable that a strong culture with more values and believes will contribute to a greater performance (Dickson, 1993:p.13). 1.3 factors which influence the behaviour individual at work According to the Mullins (2009) he has noted several factors which could influence an individuals behaviour at work as follows. Values Skills Personality Leadership Perception Demographic Factors Attitudes When an individual possess good values towards the work, the work will become more and more easy. Having good skills will always make the employee to feel comfortable with the tasks they carry out. When an individual comes with a better personality it is unlikely that the company influence the person but rather person will take it up by himself. Better leadership always has a significant impact over the work where the better leadership influences the person and getting the task done. According to Nelson and Quick, (2008:p.128) Better work conditions will always improve the perception of the individuals towards work. Demographic factors such as age, gender, will create some awkwardness towards work if the working environment tends to be challenging to them. Motivational Factors such as better work conditions will always improve the attitudes of the individuals. Therefor it is evident that above factors will have an impact over work conditions. Task 02 Introduction to Management and Leadership In simple terms Management is the way of deciding what to be done through planning, organizing, communication and controlling and leadership is the way of getting things done from subordinates by providing directions. Therefor clear-cut understandings of these theories are vital and Kurt Lewin has identified several styles as follows (Armstrong and Stephens, 2005:p.11). 2.1 Authoritarian Style Authoritarian approach is where the decisions are only taken by the leader himself and no input will be obtained for the decision making from the employees. This type of leadership is mainly found in task oriented organisations such as military organisations. Leader must know in and out of the tasks very well and must be able to communicate clearly the job to be done. This type of leadership is so vital when the employees lack the desired level of knowledge about the task (Iqbal, 2010:p.11). Democratic Style This is another way to lead people with more coordination, consultation and participation with the employees in the decision making process (Woods, 2005:P.2). The main objective of this approach is to obtain the best practical solutions to solve the problems. Through this approach the innovativeness, cohesiveness among the group will improve and companies requiring a lot of coordination to their decision making, will adopt this approach as the decisions will be more practical in comparison to the autocratic approach. This will allow entities to come up with better solutions in a complex and dynamic environments. Laissez-Faire Style With reference to Bass and Bass (2008) the laissez-Faire French term means completely hands-off. This approach is much similar to a delegated, but yet the instructions from the leader are less and the effort from the group members will need to be highly improved. In this approach the focus will be to provide maximum freedom with very little margin of inspections. For a company with lot of Skilled labour whom aware of the task deeply, will be suitable to carry out this approach. But it is advised that this method is the least productive because rarely find highly skilled and efficient employees. b) From the current context A popular biker and an actor Paul Teutul Jr. together with his father Paul Teutul Sr. has started the Orange County choppers which has twisted the American modified bike market. Father and son have every time looked to penetrate the decision making all by themselves. This has mainly reasoned the experience and the charisma these two possess. The authoritative style has benefited them in many ways. Mainly the task oriented stuff are done at a larger scale. With their prior experience of the market and the sense they have on the dynamism has benefitted the success of this biking company (Official website of orange bikes). Mr. Carlos Ghosn the President and CEO of Renault France; and the president and CEO of Nissan Japan has the approach of the democratic leadership. In tough situations especially when Renault and Nissan were faced by the high competition he believed his employees and the capabilities of them made the companies to profit from inception to now. He always believed that the decision making should always be generated from the lower levels. This has resulted Renault to come up with much better designs and the Japanese company could compete with Toyota and Mitsubushi perfectly with economical vehicle models (Magee, 2003:p. 13). 2.2 Organisational theory and Practise of Management Organisational theory explains how the study of the organisation should be done in order to solve problems prevailing in the current system and to meet the stakeholder likings with efficiency. One way of achieving the organisational theory would be the Classical approach where the emphasis is given to the scientific methods and bureaucracy to improve the productivity. Under the neoclassical view the employee behaviour of the organisation and in the environmental view the contingency is looked at and the effectiveness of the leadership will be situational (Linstead, 2004). Practise of Management indicates the ways in which management has controlled overtime and they should be subjected to high productivity and also the measurement must be done through indicators (Centrepiece Summer 2005 Magazine). The organisational theory underpins the Practise of Management in the following way. Better organisational theory will look to improve the management practises more realistic and swift. This is mainly due to the perfect understanding will provide the platform for a better understanding of the behaviour of the company and the best practises then can be implemented. Especially under the scientific way the main focus is to attract, recruit and retain the employees in a systematic way and the management will therefor find it easy to carry out their policies. Under the bureaucratic way the management is fairly less complex as the correct person will chair. Having a good understanding of the human behaviour though it is quite unpredictable, the easiness is there for the managers in terms of decision making (Crowther and Green 2004:p.51). 2.3 Different approaches to management I) Scientific Management F.W. Taylor has invented the approach of how the work should be done scientifically. This include the basic areas such as Recruitment through better job designs, better selection criteria, let the employees to carry out the task and the scientific regular control mechanisms such as performance appraisal are provided in this approach (Sheldrake 2003:p.15).This level of approach is mainly focused on the production where the remuneration is based on the performance of the employee rather than a fixed salary. The effectiveness according to the Taylor F. will improve gradually. II) Classical Administration Approach Henry Fayol (1841-1925) is considered to be the father of this method. He mentioned that every person has to perform management as a profession and found many administrative contributions such as distinguishing perfectly between the technical and managerial skills, elements of the management process such as division of work, leadership, unity of command, centralisation, and etc. Further he divided the organisations in to six categories and defined its common features such as planning, organising, commanding, communicating, and controlling. For an organisation whom into more and more complex and larger scales, can look at this method and can have a good result through the practises as the elements mentioned above provide a good stability to the controlling process as well as planning er becomes lot rational and logical (Singla and Singla 2009p.58). III) Bureaucratic Approach The emphasis of this approach is mainly to identify rational forms of organisation. In the current context even though the term Bureaucracy refers to many negative connotations, Max Webbers theory of bureaucracy understands how the management is successful under this approach. This approach mainly deals with the standard ways with employees. He preferred the specialisation, better organisational hierarchy, job roles and rules, full time appointed officials to make sure better person chair the position and division of labour in order to make sure too much work is not allocated. Mainly the government entities who are more in to formal methodology uses this approach because their main objective is to maintain the respect and pride in the minds of citisen (Gene and Thakur,1996 p.196). IV) Human relations Approach Classical, bureaucratic theories improved the production though couldnt realise that the employee stress and morale downfall. Elton Mayo under the Hawthorne studies realised that the provision of the social needs improved the efficiency as well as the productivity and the level of satisfaction. Therefor under this approach main concentrations are decentralisation, Participatory decision making, enhancing the self-motivation within the human minds. In the current context, innovation and dynamism being dominated the companies, the need of this approach is vital as this approach mainly focus on the basic fundamentals of employee satisfaction every time. Under this aspect employees are seen as human asset rather than human machines (Coffey, 1990:p.261). V) Systems Approach No organisation will profit without employees, assets, management, finance, marketing, and etc. Likewise this approach considers the organisation to be a system and the sub parts are to correlated to the main hub. The main focus in this approach to improve the swiftness and interaction of communication between separate divisions of the organization. Organisations mainly divisionalised tend to adopt this approach as they can result from being interrelated (Jackson, 2000:p.12). VI) Contingency Approach Approach of having no approach to management could be identified as a contingency approach. Under this, the main idea is that the organisation is rapidly changing and the variables of the external market, resources, technology varies day by day. Therefor the correct decision therefor must be taken having considered the pros and cons of each management. Organisations who are in to much more dynamic and complex environments uses this. Sometimes the bureaucracy, sometime the human relations approach depending on the situation (Cole, 2004:p.82) Task 03 Introduction Theories for motivation are highly essential as those have a clear connection to the level of output. Therefore, having a good understanding of the movement of the motivation with the productivity is highly essential. 3.1) Leadership styles in changing environments It is needed to have an understanding about the different leadership styles and their impact on the motivation in a changing context. The above discussed three types could be used to demonstrate this issue. (Johansson, 2004) In a changing context using the democratic approach is really productive where the people get together and negotiate their problems and within teams they tend to find the proper solutions for the dynamism. Unlike that approach, using Authoritarian approach is much different where the top management might not foresee the change which will be detected only at lower grounds. Therefor in such scenarios, using this approach is not suitable as authoritarian approach doesnt improve the innovativeness to cope up with the level of change happening. Yet the Laissez-Faire approach doesnt give any sort of an idea to the subordinates yet the employees at ground levels can take up and do since the main idea of the Change is visible to them (Crawford, Cartwright and Bennett 200 4:p.188). Under the change of trends good leaders also must possess anticipatory skills where they should detect the change before the impact flows in. in such scenarios the level of motivation should be retained by activities such as quality circles, frequent meetings and also gather facts from the lower levels. With the changing trends the tasks may vague. Therefor using the above tasks are essential for the company progress and motivation retention (Christ, 1999 p.280). Therefor the leadership in changing environments are highly challenging and subjective 3.2 Maslows Motivational Theory Abraham Maslow, who had been a psychologist for years, could generate his own way of a motivational style from the facts he had gathered. The main idea here is once you get the primary needs under control the motivation tend to skim to the secondary levels. Under the primary levels, the safety needs and psychological needs are found. In a business organisation just provision of the basic factors might not be sufficient. Most of the manufacturing plants operating in China, India are having the culture of providing free but that wont be good enough. For lower level of employees, these factors are essential (Hoffmann, 2006:p.16). Under the secondary category social, esteem and self-actualisation is found where the social needs are extremely critical. The basic understanding here is that there must be a good social work environment to the employees where the communication must back it up. Every employee comes up with the aim of career progression. In such a situation just providing the normal needs plus the social needs will not be enough. In such a context usage of promotional packages comes in to play as usually human asset would like to improve their state. In such context esteem needs are gradually arises as the esteem needs are looked for a better recognition. Reaching the top of the management will satisfy the self-actualisation resulting in a better satisfaction with the work they perform (Mcshane, 2008 p.153). Figure 5: Maslows Hierarchy of needs Source: Hoffmann, 2006:p.16 3.3. Motivational Theories for Managers It is highly important for the managers to have a good understanding about the motivational levels of the employees. Mainly managers must focus what is the motivational limit. Having a good definition about the motivational levels of different employees, the easy platform is there for the managers to come up with good packages. For some employees, early leave, study leave, will be motivating where as some other employees would look for better recognition such as better career progression, better salaries, non-financial benefit schemes. Therefor managers must define what the best suitable package is for the employees having looked at the theories, experience and etc. (shanks, 2011:p.23) b) I) Herzberg Two-Factor Theory Fredrick herzburg carried out the mayos findings and further investigated that there are two levels of motivation which will result in better satisfaction. He identified Hygine factors and Motivational Facors to be more effective. Hygine fctors are where the factors that employee must be given and any failure will result in demotivation such as team working, better supervision, better salaries and etc. On the other hand motivational factors are those will improve the level of motivation if they posses but the failure wont depress the employees like in the hygiene factors. These include features such as better career progression, better attraction, recognition at work, and etc. Therefor managers must pay attention to define the package each individual would like to have (Green, 2009:p.56). II) Douglas McGregor Theory X and Y Theory X is where the managers believe that the employees are lazy and dislike to work and will be looking to exploit any loophole. Also employees must be carefully supervised and they must be followed day by day. In this context, managers would like to use the authoritarian approach to the work place and all the policy setting and management is based on that. Theory Y is where the managers have the feel that employees enjoy the work they perform, and they are self-motivated, personal progression is another big factor that employees look to deal with. Therefor under this approach, managers like to use the democratic approach to their work place and the concepts of team work will enjoy in this environment. (Koontz et al, 2008:p. 290) Task 04 Introduction Understanding of the mechanisms required to establish and to maintain the team work is much essential as the individuals consisting in the team are different to each other. Also the members may have different approaches to their leaders. Therefor a correct method must be formed. 4.1) Groups and its behaviour within organisations Group is a collection of members who interact with each other with better understanding and who would like to work together. A better group will have essential elements such as group better cohesiveness, high homogeneity, less alternatives which will make the members not to leave but to stay within the group. According to Tuckman (1995) and Cole (2004 p.82) the stages of forming a group would be Forming- Initial gathering of individuals and getting to know each other Storming- Different individuals might contain different perceptions. Likewise with the group there could be many individuals with different ideas and they are clashed in this stage. Norming-This is where the different ideas are blended, clashed and the formation of new ideas are done. Performing- in this approach the group performance takes place. There could be different types of groups as well namely Informal Groups and formal groups. Informal groups are those membership is voluntary yet the clear objective is not there whereas formal grous meet with defined objectives and formal membership is applicable. Better teams will bring their ideas together, blend it and form new and innovative concepts. Organisational tasks will be easy to handle with good groups and special tasks which require coordination, will be the suitable advantages of having a good group for and organisation (Needham, 2004:p.201). 4.2) factors affect the performance of groups There are three different factors which affect the performance of groups according to West (2007) and Hall (2005:p.44) Membership Factors If there are similar people stay within the group then the thinking will be similar and then itll be a good team to work with and the ideas are more improves and innovative. If there many clashes, then the team wont be a successful one. If there are many alternatives with members, then the people will try to leave and join with another. When more people leave, the task wont be productive. If the group is much larger , then the possibility of solving problems is less and vice versa (Hall, 2005:p.44). Environmental Factors If the task of the group is heading, is incompatible and unsupportive with the current organisational philosophy, then the group wont be a productive one. If the management thinking is about the groups are similar to theory X, then the chance that the group will flourish will be really less (West, 2007). Dynamic Factors Understanding the groups given work will make the group to be work well rather than the membership of individuals (Hall, 2005:p.204). b) In the context which I have faced, the recent activity was organising an sports meet in the university, from which many practical aspects are possible. The group consisted close to 50 members and they were of different mind sets. When deciding the venue for the meet, the clashes began to happen. According to the Tuckmans model the storming era began where lot of conflicts arise. Also there were lot of disregards occurred. Therefor membership factors were at a high risk. Also the academic person who was in-charge always discouraged us about the group cohesiveness. The external factors made the task even worst. 4.3) Technology and teams Current technology has made a dramatic impact to the team development. With the penetration of the internet the concepts such as network teams where people with different geographical Ares are brought together, swiftness of communication though video calling and emailing, has increased significantly. Therefor the frequent meetings, quick decision making is now possible according to Gibson and Cohen (2003). Conclusion According to the facts gathered, the knowledge of relationships within an organisation, and its theoretical background, are essential for better human asset controlling. Specially in the parts of teams and leadership, the level of knowledge about the human behaviour in teams and the level of understanding about their motivation are so vital. Therefor the above facts provides a clear understanding about the relationship management essentials.

The Lost Voice (or I Think This Essay Belongs in This Book) :: Essays Papers

The Lost Voice (or "I Think This Essay Belongs in This Book") You've heard about the dumb farmer who won a million dollars in a sweepstakes, haven't you? When he was asked what he was going to do with the money, he said he'd farm until it was all gone. And did you hear about that farm kid who went to the U of M? Her first reaction on her first day of school was, "Wow! This place could hold a lotta hay!" Years ago, no one could have told me that all of those "dumb farmer" jokes would seriously affect my confidence in my intelligence, abilities, and goals. I never knew what to think about those dumb farmer jokes at first because growing up around a whole bunch of farmers, I never met a dumb one. I just thought they must be somewhere else. When I transferred to St. Cloud State after one year at a small community college, however, I found out those dumb farmers were in my hometown . . . or at least that's what other people thought. And, on the other side of the coin, no one could have ever made me believe that growing up hearing "dumb city slicker" jokes would instill in me a fear of becoming one . . . and make me reject those who already are . . . and hate myself for wanting to be one anyway . . . . The difference between small farming communities and institutions of higher education probably wouldn't be considered a cultural difference. But as we slowly succeed in our attempt to put a clamp on racist, sexist, ethnocentric, and other such jokes, who is fighting the "dumb farmer" jokes and the "city slicker" jokes? Isn't there a voice fighting for a respect between these two groups as well? And if both groups think the other group is stupid, who is defining intelligence, anyway? And what happens when someone like me crosses the border and goes to the "other side?" Do you think about people from remote rural areas when you think about cultural diversity on a college campus? Honestly, I never used to, either, so it's OK if you don't . . . because even though I was raised in a rural community, I never saw myself as "culturally diverse." After all, "cultural diversity," in its most frequently used definition, implies diversity among races, ethnic groups, nationalities, or language backgrounds.

Essay --

In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the Wife of Bath’s Tale holds the unique position of being the only tale told by a lay female in the group. The Wife of Bath is a complex character in this, she isn't what she seems to be, and maybe not even what she herself thinks she is. One may at first believe that she represents a feminist character in this, defending the rights and power of women over men in both her prologue and tale. Though The Wife of Bath seems to see herself as a feminist (more or less as a strong independent female of her time), defending the rights and power of women over men in both her prologue the tales actual perspective is formed from the point of view of a man of the time in this, her entire image seems to shift. Notably, it is valid to state that it is highly unlikely that any man of the time period saw her in this same light; rather she seems to illustrate all of the wrongs that men found in women. Alongside this, it is important to emphasiz e that this tale (The Wife of Bath) begins the "Marriage Group" as G.L. Kittredge called it (even though other marriages appear in the Canterbury Tales fragments), involving the Clerk, the Merchant, the Franklin. In this, her spoken goals expressed in her Prologue, express a certain sort of unspoken implication that exerts that Alisoun intends to take the place of the traditionally held authorities on marriage. The Wife attacks medieval dogma and uses aggression as her defense. The primacy of authority over experience is turned upside-down. This in turn produces a cycle of, experience that yields tolerance, allows exceptions, and sees other views. She exemplifies what a perfect example of a "failed feminist," a weak parody of what men see feminists as. In Chaucer’s... ... when analyzing, explaining, and understanding The Canterbury Tales, especially â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale.† It is important to have an even balance between the feminist critics who view Chaucer as feminist, and the feminist critics who view him as antifeminist when trying to unravel this character as a progressive creation. While it can be argued that the Wife of Bath could be an early feminist character, there are too many aspects to her that indicate how she is working within the system rather than outside of it. Alisoun is not a character who sprung fully formed from her creator’s genius. Instead, Alisoun learns how to use what Chaucer initially gives her until she is able to develop her own story, identity, tale, and conclusion. She will forever be a small piece of Geoffrey Chaucer, but she is eternally her own voice that cries out, â€Å"I am Alisoun. I am the Wife.†

Dementia Care

EIGHT CAREGIVING MAXIMS FOR DEALING WITH PERPLEXING BEHAVIOURS ?Don’t try and stop people with dementia from doing something just because it isn’t being done â€Å"properly†. Give them time to do things in their own way at their own pace. ?People with dementia understand far more than they are ever given credit for. Take care what is said in their presence and don’t exclude them from conversations or decisions. Bossiness is Just Not On. It’s very easy to confuse â€Å"caring† with â€Å"controlling† and nothing winds up any one of us more than the sense that someone else is controlling our lives. And if someone can’t find the words to protest, then resistance or aggressive actions will ensue. ?Ask the question, â€Å"Who is it a problem for – us or them? † If it’s us, we should be old and ugly enough to let things ride.Does it really matter that he wants to go to bed with his trousers on, doesn’t want a wash right now, eats mashed potato with his fingers, says there are little green men in the garden? Don’t scold, argue or contradict. Go With the Flow, however bizarre it seems. ?Preserve their autonomy for as long as possible by giving them choice (e. g. in what clothes to wear) and celebrate what they can still do, rather than bemoan what they can’t. ?There is always a reason for agitation – often something or somebody in the environment.Try to spot the cause and change it if possible. ?If they can’t enter our world, we must enter theirs and affirm it. Forget reality orientation – what day is it, where are you, who’s the Prime Minister – who cares? Enjoy fantastic adventures with them in their â€Å"real† world instead. Be prepared to time-travel backwards into their personal history. ?Look behind the illness and reach out to the frightened person still in there who needs to feel secure, respected and cherished.

Women As ‘Real Men’

Throughout the selected stories in Giovanni Boccaccio’s The Decameron many themes are brought to a readers attention. These themes help relate and compare the tales to one another in more ways than one. In the tale, Day two Story nine it raises a certain question on how a man may look as his wife, and the standards his wife may have to uphold. In comparison Day Five Story Ten, the question raised is a question of loyalty of a wife to her husband, which in turn, compare with the standards a wife may have to uphold for the husband. In both of these stories women are seen in the end as tough characters that take these actions from their husbands without any question; they are the real men in the tales. The tale Day Two Story Nine is about a man Bernabo whom is married to Zinevra, a very trustworthy wife. Bernabo and his friend Ambrugiolo while away get into a conversation about how easy it is to cheat on their wives while they are away, because in the end Ambrugiolo’s thought is that they do the same thing. Bernabo disagrees he looks at his wife as very trustworthily and Zinevra would never do such a thing. Because of a bet the two men end up making, Amrugiolo undeservingly wins the bet, or so Bernabo is led to believe. Bernabo orders a servant to murder Zinevra because of this misleading sin she been framed of committing. She pleads to the servant for her life and runs away to begin a new life as a man. Zinevra made a new life for herself after she was framed and moved on. But one day in the market she ran into her husband, Bernabo after much talking they realized who each other were. In the end, Zinevra gets revenge on Ambrugiolo and he is killed. Zinevra was in control of her decision to either go back to her husband Bernabo after he did not trust her word and ordered her to be killed, or not. She ends up goes back to her husband and in a way is a hero. Bernabo did not trust the loyalty of their marriage and was quick to judge Zinevra, but in the end the two lived happily ever after. Day Five Story 10 is another story with the loyalty of a husband and a wife. The story is about a man Guaitieri marrying a beautiful peasant, Griselda. Quick to marry, Guaitieri does not know if Griselda is truly a loyal companion and tests her through dramatic and horrific tricks. Including lying to Griselda about killing both their daughter and son, and Griselda does not question it and agrees with his actions. Guaitieri does not know what will break his wife because he believes this woman could not be so loyal. Therefore he pretends to divorce the peasant, and tells Griselda that he is getting remarried. He wants her to not only attend the wedding, but also clean and decorate the house for the event. Griselda agrees yet again, and in the end Guaitieri is convinced that she is just as loyal as she acts and tells her the whole truth of the matter. Their children were never killed, and the woman he was about to marry was their daughter. The loyal Griselda takes back Guaitieri and they live happily ever after. While reading these stories, which were written in a time not like today, a reader may be taken back. With the Bernabo and Zinevra story, a reader may question why Bernabo was so quick to judge what he thought was a trustworthy and loyal wife. But as we see in the selected tales women are viewed almost as a prize or object not as a companion or a real person. We see that in Guaitieri and Griselda’s story as well Guaitieri tests Griselda over and over and would not believe that she really was a loyal as she was coming off to be. Readers would take this story and see Griselda as almost an abused women, husbands do not treat their wives this way this time in age. In contradiction back in the day Griselda was seen as such a loyal women and wife because of her reactions to Guaitieri’s terrible lies. In both tales, the women over come their challenges and are viewed as harder and tougher people then the men.

Globalization of Non-Western Cultures Essay

Globalization is an important concept for many capitalist. It is the process of developing an integrated society where interchange of culture, products and world view are recognized. Globalization could bring advances in technology and economic development to many countries. It brings greater interdependence and awareness among the people of the world. Aside from these benefits, globalization could also affect any country’s interdependence for economy and culture. In this paper, examples of native non-Western cultures that have been impacted by globalization will be discussed and one of those examples will be further analyzed. China is an example of non-Western culture that has been impacted by the globalization. The impact of globalization in China mainly affected their economy. From a culture that mainly relied on economic self-sufficiency, China has transformed to a progressive economy that is more open to trade and foreign economy (Overholt, 2005). Another non-Western culture that has been impacted by globalization is India. Globalization altered the view and treatment to women within the male-dominant society. With globalization, there is the power to uproot the traditional views towards women so they can take equal stance in the society. Influence of Globalization in the Chinese Culture China is very rich in its cultural heritage. Their culture has survived for many centuries. Highlights of their culture include particular festivals, dresses, foods, music, etc (Bransteller, 2006). Chinese culture was once one of the most significant opponents of globalization. But as going from one country to another in search for better jobs and lifestyle, people meet other nationalities and results to cultural diffusion. Influence of globalization in the Chinese culture has caused by several factors. First to influence the Chinese economy and culture is the west. It has greatly influenced the Chinese culture, just like its impact all over the world. The free trade policies are also a factor. With these, more products of other  countries are imported by China, thus represent the culture of other nations. Diversity also immensely influenced Chinese culture with regards to its music, food, language, clothing and other traditions. Media plays a great role in manipulating many cultur es. Outside factors and ideas were brought into China which causes major changes in lifestyle of Chinese people. Effects of Globalization Globalization has had its major effects on the Chinese culture. Their ethics and economy is one of the major positive impacts. After experiencing globalization, the Chinese economy became one of the most prosperous economies in the world. The main factor that brought benefits for the Chinese economy due to globalization is that interchange of products which widens their international market. Due to globalization, a new dimension of trade was introduced and more Chinese products were exported to the markets all over the world (Gao, 2003). This earns them foreign exchange and gives other countries awareness about their heritage. And with diversification, Chinese culture was given new ways and options to do a certain job. The main effect of globalization to the Chinese economy is the widening of market. However, globalization has also had some negative effects. Adoption of western culture as their own and inclination to western cultural heritage were major effects. Chinese people misinterpret Modernization as Westernization. Westernization has altered some of the Chinese rich culture and other institutions. Education system of China was altered. The traditional Chinese curriculum was replaced by new curriculums and courses. Clothing was also changed. People preferred wearing jeans and t-shirts rather than wearing cheongsams and coats. Another major effect is on food. Globalization caused the replacements of traditional Chinese restaurants with fast food chains. China’s Response to Globalization Many of the major cities in China have quickly embraced globalization. The main evidence of Chinese response to globalization is the developing urbanization. Major cities of China have been massively populated due to the rapid interchange of products which brought many opportunities for trades and jobs. Although China has joined the globalization system late, this does not hinder their success in the world economy today. With much more  enthusiasm, China’s economy is more open than those of other countries. China adjusts its internal structures as it participates in the globalization. Indeed, with the integration into the world economy, Beijing pursuits the goal to play an active role in setting rules of world economy (Lardy, 1994). The Chinese policy towards globalization is also a power policy. It aims at increasing China’s influence on the world affairs. Today, China is sending missions throughout the world to seek for the best practice. Aside from foreign technolo gy and foreign corporate management techniques, China also adapts a wide variety of foreign institutions and practices. Though China entered the world economy that is dominated by the West, the Chinese leadership is apparently winning initiatives in creating a new world order (Lardy, 1994). A more active China is participating in the world trade because of this reason. Today, China influences the direction of globalization in a more intensive manner. References: Bransteller, L., & J. Lardy. (2006). China’s Embrace of Globalization. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Gao, T. (2003). Globalization and China: Impact on Economy and People’s Quality of Life. Zarb School of Business, Hofstra University. Lardy, N. (1994). China in the World Economy. Institute for International Economics, Washington.Overholt, W. (2005). China and Globalization, RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.